External Frame
What is an external frame?
An external frame is a backpack design featuring a rigid metal or aluminum frame structure that sits outside the pack bag, typically visible along the back panel. This frame system distributes weight efficiently across the hips and shoulders while maintaining excellent ventilation between the pack and the wearer's back. External frame packs excel at carrying heavy, bulky loads and allow for easy attachment of external gear, making them popular for extended backpacking trips, hunting expeditions, and situations requiring maximum load capacity.
Related Terms
Internal Frame
An internal frame is a structural support system built inside a backpack, consisting of lightweight aluminum stays or carbon fiber rods that run vertically along the back panel. This frame design transfers the pack's weight to the hips through a padded waistbelt while maintaining a close-to-body fit that improves balance and maneuverability on technical terrain. Internal frame packs are preferred by most hikers and backpackers because they offer better stability for scrambling, climbing, and navigating narrow trails compared to external frame designs.
Frameless Pack
A frameless pack is a backpack designed without an internal or external frame structure, relying instead on the packed contents to provide shape and support. These packs are typically lighter weight and more flexible than framed alternatives, making them popular for ultralight backpacking and day hiking. They work best with lighter loads (usually under 25-30 pounds) and require careful packing technique to distribute weight effectively, as they offer less load transfer and back support than traditional framed backpacks.