Hard Shell
What is a hard shell?
A hard shell is a waterproof and windproof outer layer jacket or pant made from technical fabrics like Gore-Tex or similar membrane materials. It serves as the outermost protective layer in a layering system, designed to shield hikers and backpackers from rain, snow, and harsh weather conditions while allowing moisture vapor to escape. Hard shells are typically lightweight, packable, and feature sealed seams with adjustable hoods and cuffs, making them essential gear for alpine conditions and unpredictable weather during outdoor adventures.
Related Terms
Shell
A shell is an outer layer garment designed to protect against wind, rain, and snow without providing insulation. Made from waterproof-breathable fabrics like Gore-Tex or similar materials, shells allow moisture vapor to escape while blocking external precipitation and wind. They are typically worn over insulating layers in a layering system and can be either hard shells (fully waterproof) or soft shells (water-resistant with more breathability and stretch).
Soft Shell
A soft shell is a flexible, breathable outer garment designed for active outdoor pursuits in mild to moderate weather conditions. Unlike hard shell jackets, soft shells prioritize stretch, comfort, and breathability over maximum waterproofing, making them ideal for hiking, climbing, and backpacking when you need weather protection without overheating. They typically offer wind resistance and light water resistance while allowing moisture vapor to escape, providing a balance between protection and comfort during high-output activities.