Digital Input/Output

Digital input/output (I/O) refers to electronic interfaces that handle binary signals representing only two distinct states: high (logic 1) or low (logic 0). Input pins read digital signals from external devices like switches or sensors, while output pins send digital control signals to devices like LEDs or relays. These interfaces are fundamental components in microcontrollers, computers, and digital systems for communicating with the external world using discrete on/off signals rather than continuous analog values.