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Microcontroller

What is a microcontroller?

A microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit that combines a CPU, memory, and input/output peripherals on a single chip, designed to control specific tasks in embedded systems. It can be programmed to read sensors, control actuators, and make decisions based on programmed logic, making it ideal for automation and control applications. Microcontrollers are commonly used in devices like washing machines, car engine management systems, smart home devices, and maker projects with platforms like Arduino and Raspberry Pi Pico.

Related Terms

Microcontroller Unit

MCU

A microcontroller unit (MCU) is a compact integrated circuit that combines a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals on a single chip. It is designed to control specific functions in embedded systems by executing stored program instructions. MCUs are commonly used in consumer electronics, automotive systems, IoT devices, and automation applications where dedicated control logic is needed. Unlike general-purpose processors, MCUs are optimized for real-time control tasks and typically operate with lower power consumption.