A certification indicating power supply units maintain high energy efficiency at various loads.

An AIO, or All-In-One computer, integrates the main components of a PC within a single unit, typically behind or below the display.

A technique for reducing the temperature of a computer system using forced air circulation.

A device that grounds static charges from an operator to prevent electrostatic discharge.

A specification defining dimensions, power connections, and interface points for motherboards and power supplies.

Bandwidth is the maximum rate of data transfer across a given path.

Benchmarking is the process of evaluating the performance of a computer system using standardized tests.

The process of updating or replacing the firmware of a computer's Basic Input/Output System chip.

BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) are firmware interfaces that initialize hardware during the booting process and provide runtime services for operating systems.

BIOS/UEFI Configuration involves setting hardware parameters and startup processes in a computer's firmware interface.

The frequency at which data is transmitted between components in a computer system.

The process of organizing cables connected to electrical devices to ensure proper function and safety.

Cable sleeves are protective coverings used to bundle and shield electrical cables from environmental factors and physical damage.

Cable sleeving is a protective covering used to encase and organize electrical cables.

Cache memory is a small-sized type of volatile computer memory that provides high-speed data access to a processor.

Aerosol product used for dust removal from electronic components.

CAS Latency is the number of clock cycles it takes for a memory module to access a specific column of data in RAM once a memory controller sends a request to the memory module's column access strobe (CAS) line.

An enclosure that houses and protects a computer's internal components.

A chipset is a collection of integrated circuits that manage data flow between the processor, memory, and peripherals in a computer system.

Clock speed is the rate at which a processor executes instructions, measured in hertz (Hz).

A device used to dissipate heat from a PC to maintain optimal operating temperature.

The number of independent processing units within a single CPU package.

A CPU, or Central Processing Unit, is the primary component of a computer responsible for executing instructions from programs.

A CPU cooler is a device designed to dissipate heat from a computer's central processing unit (CPU).

DDR4 and DDR5 are types of double data rate synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM), used in computing devices.

Software or hardware used for identifying, analyzing, and resolving faults in a computer system.

Sockets on a motherboard used to install DIMM memory modules.

A device or software used to adjust and refine a display’s color accuracy and gamma settings to industry standards.

DisplayPort is a digital display interface standard primarily used to connect video sources to displays and other digital displays.

Drive partitioning is the division of a storage device into sections that function as independent disk drives.

The process of installing device-specific software that allows the operating system to communicate with hardware.

A method that allows a computer to run two different operating systems independently.

Technical procedure for removing particulate matter from computer hardware.

A printed circuit board that adds functionality to a computer system by fitting into an expansion slot on the motherboard.

A device that regulates the speed of cooling fans in a PC system.

A fan splitter is a device used to connect multiple fans to a single PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) motherboard header.

A firmware update is the process of installing new or revised operating instructions into hardware components.

The physical size, shape, and configuration of a computer system or component.

Front panel connectors are interface points on a PC motherboard for connecting front panel cables.

A GPU, or Graphics Processing Unit, is a specialized electronic circuit designed to accelerate image processing and rendering tasks.

A mechanical device used for data storage, utilizing spinning disks coated with magnetic material.

HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) is a proprietary audio/video interface for transmitting uncompressed video data and compressed or uncompressed digital audio data.

A heat sink is a passive heat exchanger that transfers thermal energy from a higher temperature device to a lower temperature fluid medium.

An input device used to enter characters and functions into a computer system through mechanical or capacitive switches.

Liquid cooling is a method used to dissipate heat from electronic components by circulating liquid through a heat exchanger or closed loop system.

A compact storage device interface for internally mounted computer expansion cards in a small form factor.

The individual data paths utilized by a computer's memory controller for memory communication.

Memory frequency refers to the speed at which the RAM can process data, measured in MHz.

Memory timing refers to the specific time intervals required for RAM operations, typically measured in clock cycles.

XMP is a profile that allows memory modules to automatically be set to higher performance levels than their standard specifications.

A monitor is an output device that displays visual information generated by a computer.

Central printed circuit board facilitating communication among computer components.

A mouse is a peripheral input device used to interact with a computer system by detecting two-dimensional motion relative to its supporting surface.

A hardware component that allows a computer to connect to a network.

NVMe Protocol is a high-performance interface protocol for non-volatile storage media that uses PCI Express (PCIe) bus technology.

A hardware device used to read and write data to and from optical discs.

The process of setting up an operating system on a computer's hardware.

The process of increasing the clock rate of a computer's CPU or GPU beyond the manufacturer's specifications.

PC assembly is the process of assembling individual hardware components and connecting them to form a fully operational personal computer.

A set of specialized tools and equipment for assembling and disassembling personal computers.

Modification of a personal computer case for functional or aesthetic improvements.

A PCIe card is an expansion card that connects to a computer's motherboard via a PCI Express (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) slot, providing additional ports and functionality.

A version of the Peripheral Component Interconnect Express standard defining data transfer rates, lane width, and link speed.

PCIe lanes are data pathways that enable communication between PCIe devices and the motherboard.

A PSU, or Power Supply Unit, is an internal hardware component that converts AC to DC power for computer components.

A radiator is a heat exchanger designed to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of cooling and heating.

A RAID array is a data storage virtual configuration aggregating multiple physical disk drives for redundancy or improved performance.

A method of storing the same data in different places on multiple physical disks to improve performance and provide redundancy.

A RAID Controller is a hardware device or software program that manages hard disk drives or solid-state drives in a RAID configuration.

A type of computer memory that stores data temporarily for active processes.

The refresh rate is the number of times a display updates its image per second.

Resolution is the number of distinct pixels displayed on a computer screen, expressed as width x height.

Response time is the duration it takes for a pixel in an LCD display to change from one color to another.

An RGB controller is a device used to manage the illumination settings of RGB LED systems in computer hardware.

A connector on a motherboard for controlling RGB lighting on compatible devices.

A high-speed interface for connecting storage devices to a computer's motherboard.

A screwdriver set is a collection of tools designed for driving screws with different head types and sizes.

A socket type is a specification for the physical interface and electrical compatibility between a central processing unit (CPU) and its corresponding motherboard socket.

A sound card is an internal hardware component that facilitates audio input and output processing in a computer system.

A solid-state drive is a storage device that uses non-volatile NAND flash memory to store data, replacing traditional spinning hard disks.

A procedure used to evaluate the stability and performance of a computer system or component under extreme operational conditions.

A surge protector is a device designed to protect electrical equipment from voltage spikes by blocking or shorting to ground any unwanted voltages above a safe threshold.

A system fan is an electromechanical device used to cool components within a computer system by expelling hot air or circulating cooler air.

System monitoring involves tracking and analyzing the performance and operational health of a computer system.

TDP (Thermal Design Power) is the maximum amount of heat a computer component can produce that its cooling system is designed to dissipate under workload.

A thermally conductive compound applied between a heat source and a heatsink to improve thermal interface conductivity.

A device or tool used to apply thermal paste evenly onto a CPU or GPU surface to ensure efficient heat transfer.

Thermal throttling is the process of dynamically reducing a computer processor's speed to prevent overheating.

The measure of the number of threads in one square inch (6.4516 cm²) of a semiconductor's central processing unit (CPU).

Thunderbolt is a high-speed interface standard developed by Intel for data transfer and device connection through a single cable.

The rate at which data is transmitted from one device to another, typically measured in bits per second (bps).

The systematic process of diagnosing and resolving hardware or software issues in a personal computer system.

Reduction of voltage supplied to a computer component to improve efficiency.

An Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) is a device providing emergency power when the main power source fails.

A USB drive is a portable flash memory storage device with USB interface for data transfer.

USB Standards are technical specifications for Universal Serial Bus interfaces controlling data transfer and power delivery.

Virtualization is the process of creating a virtual instance of a computer resource, such as a server or storage device.

VRAM, or Video Random Access Memory, is a dedicated memory used by the GPU to store graphics data.

Wattage is the rate of electrical power consumption expressed in watts (W).

A device for fastening items with a flexible, self-locking nylon strip.